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The number of people estimated to be sleeping rough on a single night in autumn 2023 is 3,898, which has risen for the second year in a row but remains lower than the peak in 2017.
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The number of people estimated to be sleeping rough on a single night in autumn 2023 has risen by 27% since 2022. This is a decrease of 9% since 2019, which was before the introduction of COVID-19 related measures and is 18% lower than the peak in 2017. It is an increase of 120% since 2010 when the snapshot approach was introduced.
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The rate of people sleeping rough on a single night in England in 2023 is 6.8 people per 100,000. This has increased since 2022 (5.4 per 100,000), though remains lower than the peak in 2017 (8.5 per 100,000)
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Rough sleeping has increased in every region of England compared to the previous year.
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The largest increase in the number of people estimated to be sleeping rough is in London. Rough sleeping in the capital increased by 19% between March 2023 and April 2024 compared to the previous year. December 2024 data from Shelter revealed that one in 47 Londoners are currently homeless, and cases of homelessness have surged by 54% over the last decade..
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Nearly half (46%) of all people sleeping rough on a single night in autumn are in London and the South East, which is similar to previous years.
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A small number of local authorities have driven increases. Twenty local authorities (7% of all areas) drive over half the increase in the number of people sleeping rough on a single night. In just over two-fifths of local authorities (42%), the number of people sleeping rough decreased or stayed the same compared to 2022.
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The majority of people sleeping rough in England are male, aged over 26 years old and from the UK. This is similar to previous years.